(Thank you @Charlie Choi for this awesome translation!)
我认为更多的华裔美国人会投民主党 (Democratic Party)。首先看看相关的数据。
虽然针对“华裔美国人”这个群体的投票统计数据不多，关于“亚裔美国人”的统计却不难找。因为华裔美国人占了 1,730 万亚裔美国人中的 22%（虽然这数字也包括非选民），所以能从总体亚裔美国人的统计数据来推测华裔美国人的政治倾向。
那么亚裔美国人都投谁？
一项调查显示，亚裔美国人的政治倾向如下：
51% 无党派（不属于任何一政党）
33% 民主党
14% 共和党
2% 其它
不过要注意的是，在美国投票是可以直接投票，不一定要登记党派的。
再看看在 2012 总统选举中亚裔美国人的投票数据：
73% 奥巴马（民主党）
26% 罗姆尼（共和党）
从这个数据可以看出许多无党派的亚裔美国人都在选举中投票支持奥巴马。
再加上过去的几次总统选举的数据：
1992: 31% 克林顿（民主党）, 55% 沃克·布什（共和党）
1996: 44% 克林顿（民主党） 48% 多尔（共和党）
2000: 55% 戈尔（民主党）, 41% 乔治·布什（共和党）
2004: 56% 克里（民主党）, 43% 乔治·布什（共和党）
2008: 62% 奥巴马（民主党）, 35% 麦凯恩（共和党）[4]
可以看出亚裔美国人的政治倾向逐步变得倾向民主党。
那华裔政治家呢？
最近历史上有名的华裔美国人政治家有两位，分别是：
骆家辉（民主党）- 美国驻华大使，华盛顿州前州长[5]
赵美心（民主党）- 美国国会众议员（代表加利福尼亚州第 27 选区）[6][7]
而两位都属于民主党。事实上八名亚裔国会众议院都是民主党的。[8]
为什么亚裔美国人如此倾向民主党？
在美国，传统上政治倾向是和经济程度相关的，笼统的说就是有钱的支持共和党，没钱的支持民主党。
但如果你看看数据的话，亚裔美国人的人均收入比白人还高。这点让共和党的分析家很困惑：为什么他们政治上不应该是更保守点吗？为什么他们不加入共和党的队伍要求减税？
事实上政治分析家只停留在经济层面上的分析是不够的，因为这更多是文化上的原因。美国著名研究机构皮尤的一项调查发现，虽然亚裔美国人在财务上取得了成功，但仍然有很多作为少数族裔的问题。例如，
62% 的亚裔美国人认同自己来自种族来源的国家多余认同自己来自美国（比如说，如果有人问“你来自哪里”我会回答“来自中国”，即使我是美国公民。）
53% 的亚裔美国人认为自己和普通的美国人很不同。（比如我不去朋友家看足球赛和喝酒）
19% 的亚裔美国人在过去一年里曾被歧视过。[10]
民主党在媒体上建立起来的公共形象的就是一个支持少数族裔权利、放松移民政策、提供更多福利给低收入家庭、提高高技术人才移民限额的政党。而共和党的印象则是通过驱逐非法移民和武装边境来排斥少数族裔的。
此外，有 93% 的亚裔美国人的自我描述属于“非常勤劳”的人。共和党总统候选人罗姆尼就曾在 2012 年 9 年宣称，“有 47% 的美国人……不缴收入税。我永远也说服不了他们对自己负责，照料自己的生活。”作为一名共和党的代表，罗姆尼的言论正是与 93% 的亚裔美国人所认为的相反。或许正因为大部分亚裔美国人不属于任一党派，他们可以随心所欲选出自己更赞同的候选人，或者不赞同的更少的候选人。
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I believe more Chinese Americans would vote Democratic (民主党). Let's look at the statistics.
Although it's hard to find demographic data specifically for Chinese Americans, it's not hard to find voting data for Asian Americans. Since Chinese Americans represent 22% of the 17.3 million Asian Americans (although this includes non-voters)[1], then it's plausible to say that Chinese voters would follow the overall trend of Asian voters.
So how do Asian Americans vote?
The breakdown for political affiliation of Asian Americans is,
51% Non-partisan (they don't belong to a political party)33% Democrat14% Republican2% Other [2]
But to vote in America, you don't need to register with a specific political party; you just need to register to vote.
And in the 2012 presidential election,
73% voted for Obama (Democrat)26% voted for Romney (Republican) [3]
That shows that a lot of Asian Americans who do not belong to either political political party came out to support Obama.
And if you look at trends for the past presidential elections,
1992: 31% for Clinton (D), 55% for H.W. Bush (R)
1996: 44% for Clinton (D), 48% for Dole (R)
2000: 55% for Gore (D), 41% for W. Bush (R)
2004: 56% for Kerry (D), 43% for W. Bush (R)
2008: 62% for Obama (D), 35% for McCain (R) [4]
That's a steep trend towards more Democratic.
What about Chinese politicians?
There have been two notable Chinese American politicians in recent history,
Gary Locke (Democrat) - US Ambassador to China, Former Governor of Washington [5]Judy Chu (Democrat) - US House of Representative for California [6][7]
Both are Democrats.
In fact, out of the 8 Asian American members of Congress, all are Democrats.[8]
Why are Asian Americans so heavily Democratic?
Political affiliation theory has traditionally followed economic lines. The stereotype has been, wealthy = Republican, poor = Democrat.
But if you look at the data [9], the medium income for Asian Americans are even higher than white Americans. And this puzzles Republican analysts: why aren't Asians more politically conservative? Why don't they clamor to Republican rallies and cheer for lower tax rates?
While political analysts treat economics as the line in the sand, some studies show that the reasons could be more cultural. A Pew study suggests that Asian Americans, despite finding financial success in America, still identify with minority issues. For example,
62% of Asian Americans identify as their country of origin instead of as American. (That means, if somebody asks me where I'm from, I say China, even though I'm an American citizen.)53% feel that they are very different from the average American. (For example, I don't go over to my friends' houses to watch football and drink beer.)19% have personally be discriminated against in the past year. [10]
And the Democratic party has built a media image of supporting minority rights, by relaxing immigration policy, by extending benefits to lower income families, by increasing the number of visas for highly skilled workers.
While Republicans have built the image of excluding minorities by deporting illegal immigrants, by talking about securing the national border with the military.
Furthermore, 93% of Asian Americans describe themselves as "very hard working." And then in September, 2012, Presidential Candidate Mitt Romney (Republican) stated that,"47% of the people...pay no income tax. I'll never convince them they should take personal responsibility and care for their lives." As the Republican representative, he painted a picture of America that 93% of Asian Americans disagreed with. And perhaps, since most Asian Americans have no party affiliations, they can easily vote for the candidate they disagree with less.
[Edit 11/12/2013:]
A great opinions article on how Republicans are oblivious to the political needs of Asian Americans.
Asian Voices: Progressives, Are You Listening?
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Disclaimer: I voted to Barack Obama (D) in 2008 and Jill Stein (G) in 2012.
(Sorry for writing everything English. I'm not at the level yet where I can discuss American politics in Chinese haha. If somebody wants to translate this to Chinese, you have my blessings)
[1] American FactFinder
[2] http://naasurvey.com/resources/Home/NAAS12-sep25-election.pdf
[3] Exit Polls Show Asian Americans Backed Obama by Wide Margin
[4] Demographics of How Groups Voted in the 2008 Presidential Election
[5] Gary Locke
[6] Judy Chu
[7] With surging numbers, Asian-Americans look for congressional gains
[8] Asian Americans in government and politics
[9] Why aren’t Asians Republicans?
[10] Asian Americans |
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